Goals Values and Aspirations

The Theory

Basic SDT research topics

Bradshaw, E. L.Ferber, K. A., Ryan, R. M. (2025) Seeking solitude skills: Do memories of intrinsic goals enhance enjoyment of alone time?. Journal of Personality, 93(1) ,101-117

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Errmann, A.Arango, L. (2025) When suffering hurts more: suffering for material products reduces intrinsic motivation, well-being, and repurchase intention compared to experiences. Journal of Business Research, 199 ,Article 115506

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Seo, E., Patall, E. A.Lee, S. Y. (2025) Parental behavioral control and student motivation: Why control over big dreams vs. daily tasks matters. Journal of Child and Family Studies, Advance online publication

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De Jonge, S.Opdecam, E., Patall, E. A., Haerens, L. (2025) Goal clarification and process feedback matter: Reducing test anxiety in low-stakes testing. The Journal of Experimental Education, Advance online publication

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Assor, A.Cohen, R., Grolnick, W. S.Smetana, J. G. (2025) Parents value demonstration as a determinant of youth experiences and responses to parents’ warnings following the onset of risk behavior. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, Advance online publicationtion

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Barberis, N., Costa, S.Castiglione, C. (2024) Xenophobia and xenophilia, the bright and dark sides of attitude towards foreigners: A self-determination theory approach. Psychological Reports, 127(5) ,2427-2450

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Codina, N.Castillo, I.Pestana, J. V.Valenzuela, R. (2024) Time perspectives and procrastination in university students: Exploring the moderating role of basic psychological need satisfaction. BMC Psychology, 12(5)

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Riddell, H.Sedikides, C.,Gucciardi, D. F.Sezer, B. (2024) Goal motives, mental contrasting with implementation intentions, and the self-regulation of saving goals: A longitudinal investigation. Motivation Science, 10(1) ,28–39

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Riddell, H.Lamont, W.Lombard, M.Paduano, S. (2024) Autonomous motivation promotes goal attainment through the conscious investment of effort, but mental contrasting with implementation intentions makes goal striving easier. The Journal of Social Psychology, 164(2) ,230-243

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Holding, A. C.Cunningham, C., Koestner, R.Oettingen, G. (2024) Owning the plan: The role of autonomous if-then planning for goal progress and action crisis. Personality and Individual Differences, 223 ,112617

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Sezer, B.Riddell, H.Gucciardi, D. F., Sheldon, K. M. (2024) Goal motives, approach/avoidance appraisals, psychological needs, and well-being: A systematic review and meta-Analysis. Motivation Science, Advance Online

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Ferber, K. A., Bradshaw, E. L.Noetel, M.Wong, T. Y. (2024) Does the apple fall far from the tree? A meta-analysis linking parental factors to children’s intrinsic and extrinsic goals. Psychological Bulletin, 150(10) ,1155–1177

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Bradshaw, E. L.Conigrave, J. H.Steward, B. A.Ferber, K. A. (2023) A meta-analysis of the dark side of the American dream: Evidence for the universal wellness costs of prioritizing extrinsic over intrinsic goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 124(4) ,873-899

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Clegg, K-A.Levine, S.Zuroff, D. C.Holding, A. C. (2023) A multilevel perspective on self‐determination theory: Predictors and correlates of autonomous and controlled motivation. Motivation and Emotion, 47 ,229-245

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Audet, E.Dubois, P.Levine, S., Koestner, R. (2023) Autonomy support for the academic goal pursuit and subjective well-being of students with disabilities. Gogent Mental Health, 2(1)

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Bradshaw, E. L. (2023) In R. M. Ryan (Ed.), Causes, costs, and caveats: Reflections, and future directions for goal contents theory. Oxford University Press The Oxford handbook of self-determination theory, ,139-159

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Neufeld, A. (2023) Life aspirations and health in Canada: A patient-oriented study. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, Advance online publication

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Riddell, H.Sedikides, C.Gucciardi, D. F.Jackson, D. (2023) Motives and Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions Predict Progress and Management of Goals in Parents. Motivation Science, 9(2) ,144-155

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Holding, A. C., Koestner, R. (2023) In R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The role of motivation in the lifecycle of personal goals. Oxford University Press The Oxford handbook of self-determination theory, ,pp. 327-345

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Legault, L. (2023) In R. M. Ryan (Ed.), The “what” and the “why” of proenvironmental deeds: How values and self-determined motivation interact to predict environmentally protective behavior. Oxford University Press The Oxford handbook of self-determination theory, ,(pp. 1130-1148)

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Moller, A. C., Olafsen, A. H.Jager, A. J.Kao, A. C. (2022) Motivational mechanisms underlying physicians’ occupational health: A self-determination theory perspective. Medical Care Research and Review, 79(2) ,255-266

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Audet, E. C.Levine, S. L.Holding, A. C.Powers, T. A. (2022) Navigating the ups and downs: Peer and family autonomy support during personal goals and crises on identity development. Self and Identity, 21(4) ,456-473

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Luxon, A., Legate, N., Weinstein, N. (2022) Fluctuations in goal pursuits and health in a lesbian, gay, and bisexual sample across a 2-week diary study. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 9(3) ,370–382

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Busque-Carrier, M., Ratelle, C. F.Le Corff, Y. (2022) Work values and job satisfaction: The mediating role of basic psychological needs at work. Journal of Career Development, 49(6) ,1386-1401

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Behzadnia, B.Alizadeh, E., Haerens, L.Aghdasi, M. T. (2022) Changes in students’ goal pursuits and motivational regulations toward healthy behaviors during the pandemic: A Self-Determination Theory perspective. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 59 ,102131

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Davids, E. L. (2022) The interaction between basic psychological needs, decision-making and life goals among emerging adults in South Africa. Social Sciences, 11(7) ,316

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Holding, A. C.Moore, A.Verner-Filion, J.Kachanoff, F. (2022) Choosing to lose it: The role of autonomous motivation in goal disengagement. Motivation and Emotion, 46 ,769–789

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Chu, T. L.Zhang, T. (2022) Motivational processes in college freshmen’s exercise participation: A goal content theory perspective. Journal of American College Health, 70(6) ,1794-1802

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Riddell, H.Sedikides, C.Gucciardi, D. F.Ben, J. (2022) Goal motives and mental contrasting with implementation intentions facilitate strategic goal persistence and disengagement. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 52 ,1094–1116

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Nishimura, T., Bradshaw, E. L., Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M. (2021) Satisfaction of basic psychological needs in an interdependence model of fathers’ own aspirations and those of their adolescent children. Social Development, 30(1) ,293-310

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Bradshaw, E. L.Sahdra, B. K.Ciarrochi, J.Parker, P. D. (2021) A configural approach to aspirations: The social breadth of aspiration profiles predicts well-being over and above the intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations that comprise the profiles. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 120(1) ,226-256

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Tessier, J., Joussemet, M.Kurdi, V., Mageau, G. A. (2021) Adolescents “walking the talk”: How value importance and enactment relate to well-being and risk-taking. Motivation and Emotion, 45(3) ,249-264

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Moore, A. M.Holding, A. C.Buchardt, L., Koestner, R. (2021) On the efficacy of volitional personality change in young adulthood: Convergent evidence using a longitudinal personal goal paradigm. Motivation and Emotion, 45(2) ,171-185

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Chua, S. N., Philippe, F. L.Bouizegarene, N. (2021) The association of autonomy support on memory need satisfaction and goal progress. Motivation and Emotion, 45 ,265-279

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Audet, E. C.Levine, S. L.Holding, A. C., Koestner, R. (2021) A remarkable alliance: Sibling autonomy support and goal progress in emerging adulthood. Family Relations: Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Science, 70(5) ,1571-1582

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Holding, A. C.Moore, E.Moore, A.Verner-Filion, J. (2021) When goal pursuit gets hairy: A longitudinal goal study examining the role of controlled motivation and action crises in predicting changes in hair cortisol, perceived stress, health and depression symptoms. Clinical Psychological Science, 9(6) ,1214–1221

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Behzadnia, B., Deci, E. L., DeHaan, C. R. (2020) In Betsy Ng, Gloria Ho (Eds.), Predicting relations among life goals, physical activity, health, and well-being in elderly adults: A self-determination theory perspective on healthy aging. , Self-determination theory and healthy aging (pp. 47-71) Singapore: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-6968-5_4

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Healy, L. C., Ntoumanis, N.Arthur, C. A. (2020) Goal motives and well-being in student-athletes: A person-centered approach. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 42(6) ,433-442

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Benita, M.Shechter, T.Nudler-Muzikant, S.Arbel, R. (2020) Emotion regulation during personal goal pursuit: Integration versus suppression of emotions. Journal of Personality, 00 ,1–15

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Holding, A. C.Barlow, M., Koestner, R.Wrosch, C. (2020) Why are we together? A dyadic longitudinal investigation of relationship motivation, goal progress and adjustment. Journal of Personality, 88 ,464-477

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Holding, A. C.St-Jacques, A.Verner-Filion, J.Kachanoff, F. (2020) Sacrifice – but at what price? A longitudinal study of young adults’ sacrifice of basic psychological needs in pursuit of career goals. Motivation and Emotion, 44 ,19-115

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Martela, F., Bradshaw, E. L., Ryan, R. M. (2019) Expanding the map of intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations using network analysis and multidimensional scaling: Examining four new aspirations. Frontiers in Psychology,

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Leung, A. N. M., Law, W. (2019) Do extrinsic goals affect romantic relationships?. Motivation and Emotion, 43 ,857-873

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Cai, Y. Y.King, R. B., Law, W.McInerney, D. M. (2019) Which comes first? Modeling the relationships among intrinsic-extrinsic goals, metacognitive strategies and achievement using multilevel cross-lagged SEM. Learning and Individual Differences, 74 ,101750

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Zhoc, K. C. H.King, R. B., Law, W.McInerney, D. M. (2019) Intrinsic and extrinsic future goals: Their differential effects on students’ self-control and distal learning outcomes. Psychology in the Schools, 56 ,1596–1613

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Holding, A. C.Hope, N.Verner-Filion, J., Koestner, R. (2019) In good time: A longitudinal investigation of trait self-control in determining changes in motivation quality. Personality and Individual Differences, 139 ,132-137

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Bradshaw, E. L.Sahdra, B.K., Calvo, R. A.Mrvaljevich, A. (2018) Users’ intrinsic goals linked to alcohol dependence risk level and engagement with the health promotion website, Hello Sunday Morning: Observational study. Journal of Medical Internet Research: Mental Health, 5(4) ,1-8

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Ntoumanis, N.Sedikides, C. (2018) Holding on to the goal or letting it go and moving on? A tripartite model of goal striving. Current Directions in Psychological Sciences, 27 ,363-368

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Healy, L.Tincknell-Smith, A., Ntoumanis, N. (2018) In O. Braddick, Goal setting in sport and performance. , Oxford Research Encyclopaedia of Psychology New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.152

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Seo, E., Patall, E. A.Henderson, M.Steingut, R. R. (2018) The effects of goal origin and implementation intentions on goal commitment and performance. Journal of Experimental Education, 86(3) ,386-401

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Ernst, A., Philippe, F. L.Bourdeau, S.Leduc, C. (2018) Wanting or having to: The role of goal self-concordance in episodic future thinking. Consciousness & Cognition, 66 ,26-39

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Guertin, C.Barbeau, K., Pelletier, L. G.Martinelli, G. (2017) Why do women engage in fat talk? Examining fat talk using Self-Determination Theory as an explanatory framework. Body Image, 20 ,7-15

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Benita, M.Shane, N.Elgali, O., Roth, G. (2017) The important role of the context in which achievement goals are adopted: an experimental test. Motivation and Emotion, 41 ,180-195

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Park, L. E.Ward, D. E.Naragon-Gainey, K. (2017) It’s all about the money (for some): Consequences of financially contingent self-worth. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43(5) ,1-12

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Fuchs, R.Seelig, H.Göhner, W.Schlatterer, M. (2017) The two sides of goal intentions: Intention self-concordance and intention strength as predictors of physical activity. Psychology & Health, 32(1) ,110-126

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Coleman, S. J., Sebire, S. (2017) Do people’s goals for mass participation sporting events matter? A self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Public Health, 39(4) ,e202-e208

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Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2017) Goal contents theory: Aspirations, life goals, and their varied consequences. Guilford Press Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness, ,272-292

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Holding, A. C.Hope, N. H.Harvey, B.Jetten, A. S. M. (2017) Stuck in Limbo: Motivational antecedents and consequences of experiencing action crises in personal goal pursuit. Journal of Personality, 85(6) ,893-905

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Werner, K. M., Milyavskaya, M.Foxen-craft, E., Koestner, R. (2016) Some goals just feel easier: Self-concordance leads to goal progress through subjective ease, not effort.. Personality and Individual Differences, 96 ,237-242

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Davids, E. L.Ryan, J.Yassin, Z.Hendrickse, S. (2016) Family structure and functioning: Influences on adolescents psychological needs, goals and aspirations in a South African setting. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 26(4) ,351-356

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Martela, F., Ryan, R. M. (2016) Prosocial behavior increases well-being and vitality even without contact with the beneficiary: Causal and behavioral evidence. Motivation and Emotion, 40 ,351-357

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Lopez, R. B., Milyavskaya, M.Hofmann, W.Heatherton, T. F. (2016) Motivational and neural correlates of self-control of eating: A combined neuroimaging and experience sampling study in dieting female college students. Appetite, ,192-199

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Mageau, G. A., Bureau, J. S.Ranger, F.Allen, M.-P. (2016) Parental achievement goals as determinants of autonomy-supportive and controlling parenting. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25 ,1702-1711

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Martela, F., Ryan, R. M. (2016) The benefits of benevolence: Basic psychological needs, beneficence, and the enhancement of well-being. Journal of Personality, 84(6) ,750-764

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Brown, K. W., Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M.Konow, J. (2016) Materialism, spending, and affect: An event-sampling study of marketplace behavior and its affective costs. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(6) ,2277-2292

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Thibault Landry, A.Kindlein, J.Trépanier, S.-G., Forest, J. (2016) Why individuals want money matters: Using self-determination theory to explain the differential relations between motives for making money and employee psychological health. Motivation and Emotion, 40 ,226-242

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Murayama, K.Pekrun, R.Suzuki, M.Marsh, H. W. (2016) Don’t aim too high for your kids: Parental overaspiration undermines students’ learning in mathematics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 111(5) ,766-779

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Kasser, T. (2016) Materialistic Values and Goals. Annual Review of Psychology, 67 ,489-514

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Lindwall, M., Weman, K., Sebire, S., Standage, M. (2016) Viewing exercise goal content through a person-oriented lens: A self- determination perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 27 ,85-92

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Lekes, N., Houlfort, N., Milyavskaya, M.Hope, N. H. (2016) The role of intrinsic values for self-growth and community contribution at different life stages: Differentially predicting the vitality of university students and teachers over one year. Personality and Individual Differences, 98 ,48-52

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Nishimura, T.Suzuki, T. (2016) Aspirations and life satisfaction in Japan: The Big Five personality makes clear. Personality and Individual Differences, 97 ,300-305

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Gagné, M., Forest, J., Vansteenkiste, M.Crevier-Braud, L. (2015) The Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale: Validation evidence in seven languages and nine countries. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24 ,178-196

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Milyavskaya, M.Nadolny, D., Koestner, R. (2015) Why do people set more self-concordant goals in need satisfying domains? Testing authenticity as a mediator. Personality and Individual Differences, 77 ,131-136

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Milyavskaya, M.Inzlicht, M.Hope, N., Koestner, R. (2015) Saying ‘No’ to temptation: ‘want-to’ motivation improves self-regulation by reducing temptation rather than by increasing self-control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ,677-693

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Soenens, B.Wuyts, D., Vansteenkiste, M., Mageau, G. A. (2015) Raising trophy kids: The role of mothers’ contingent self-esteem in maternal promotion of extrinsic goals. Journal of Adolescence, 42 ,40-49

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Hardy, S. A.Dollahite, D. C.Johnson, N.Christensen, J. B. (2015) Adolescent motivations to engage in prosocial behaviors and abstain from health-risk behaviors: A self-determination theory approach. Journal of Personality, 83 ,479-490

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Guillen-Royo, M., Kasser, T. (2015) Personal goals, socio-economic context and happiness: Studying a diverse sample in Peru. Journal of Happiness Studies, 16(2) ,405-425

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Kasser, T.Rosenblum, K. L.Sameroff, A. J., Deci, E. L. (2014) Changes in materialism, changes in psychological well-being: Evidence from three longitudinal studies and an intervention experiment. , Motivation and Emotion , 38 (pp. 1-22) doi: 10.1007/s11031-013-9371-4

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Milyavskaya, M.Nadolny, D, Koestner, R. (2014) Where do self-concordant goals come from? The role of domain-specific psychological need satisfaction. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40 ,700-711

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Sheldon, K. M. (2014) Becoming oneself: The central role of self-concordant goal selection. Sage Personality and Social Psychology Review, 18 ,349-365

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Benita, M., Roth, G., Deci, E. L. (2014) When are mastery goals more adaptive? It depends on experiences of autonomy support and autonomy. Journal of Educational Psychology, 106 ,258-267

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Montasem, ABrown, S.Harris, R. (2014) Subjective well-being in dentists: the role of intrinsic aspirations. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 42 ,279-288

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Hope, N., Koestner, R., Milyavskaya, M. (2014) The importance of self-compassion in times of transition: Investigating the role of self-compassion in goal pursuit and well-being amongst university freshmen. Self and Identity,

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Ntoumanis, N.Healy, L. C.Sedikides, C.Smith, A. L. (2014) Self-regulatory responses to unattainable goals: The role of goal motives. Self and Identity, 13 ,594 - 612

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Ziviani, J., Poulsen, A. A.Kotaniemi, K.Law, M. (2014) The Belief in Goal Self-Competence Scale (BiGSS) – Exploring a new way to support individual goal pursuit and document occupational therapy outcomes in paediatric practice. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 61 ,316-324

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Poulsen, A. A., Ziviani, J.Kotaniemi, K.Law, M. (2014) “I think I can”: Measuring confidence in goal pursuit. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 77 ,64-66

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Smith, A.L., Ntoumanis, N. (2014) An examination of goal motives and athletes’ self-regulatory responses to unattainable goals. International Journal of Sport Psychology: Building Bridges between Motivation and Self-Regulation in Sport, Exercise, and Physical, 4 ,538-558

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Healy, L.C., Ntoumanis, N.van Zanten, J.V.Paine, N. (2014) Goal striving and well-being in sport: The role of contextual and personal motivation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 36 ,446-459

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Ntoumanis, N.Healy, L.C.Sedikides, C., Duda, J. L. (2014) When the going gets tough: The “why” of goal striving matters. Journal of Personality, 8 ,225-236

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Vansteenkiste, M.Lens, W.Elliot, A.J., Soenens, B. (2014) Moving the Achievement Goal Approach One Step Forward: Toward a Systematic Examination of the Autonomous and Controlled Reasons Underlying Achievement Goals. Educational Psychologist, 49(3) ,153-174

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Przybylski, A. K., , DeHaan, C. R.Gladwell, V. (2013) Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29 ,1841–1848

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Guiffrida, D., Lynch, M. F.Wall, A.Abel, D. (2013) Do reasons for attending college affect academic outcomes? A test of a motivational model from a self-determination theory perspective. Journal of College Student Development, 54 ,121-139

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Hortop, E. G.Wrosch, C., Gagné, M. (2013) The how and why of goal pursuits: Effects of global perceived control and autonomous motivation on subjective well-being. Motivation and Emotion, 37 ,675-687

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Hurst, M.Dittmar, H.Bond, R., Kasser, T. (2013) The relationship between materialistic values and environmental attitudes and behaviors: A meta-analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 36 ,257-269

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Romero, E.Gómez-Fraguela, J. A.Villar, P. (2012) Life aspirations, personality traits and subjective well-being in a Spanish sample. European Journal of Personality, 26 ,45-55

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Weinstein, N., Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2012) Motivation, meaning and wellness: A self-determination perspective on the creation and internalization of personal meanings and life goals. In P. T. P. Wang (Ed.), The human quest for meaning: Theories, research, and applications. (pp. 81-106) New York: Routledge Publishers. doi: 10.4324/9780203146286

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Duriez, B.Luyckx, K., Soenens, B.Berzonsky, M. D. (2012) A process-content approach to adolescent identity formation: Examining longitudinal associations between identity styles and goal pursuits. Journal of Personality, 80 ,135-161

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Verstuyf, J., Vansteenkiste, M., Soenens, B. (2012) Eating regulation and bulimic symptoms: The differential correlates of health-focused and appearance-focused eating regulation. Body Image, 9 ,108-117

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Duriez, B.Meeus, J., Vansteenkiste, M. (2012) Why are some people more susceptible to ingroup threat than others? The importance of a relative extrinsic to intrinsic value orientation. Journal of Research in Personality, 46 ,164–172

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Martos, T.Kopp, M. S. (2012) Life goals and well-being: Does financial status matter? Evidence from a representative Hungarian sample. Social Indicators Research, 105 ,561-568

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Legault, L.Al-KhindiInzlincht, I. (2012) Preserving integrity in the face of performance threat: Self-affirmation enhances neurophysiological responsiveness to errors. Psychological Science, 23 ,1455-1460

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Waaler, R., Halvari, H.Skjesol, K.Bagoien, T. E. (2012) Autonomy support and intrinsic goal progress expectancy and its links to longitudinal study effort and subjective well-being: The differential mediating effects of intrinsic and identified regulations and the moderator effect of effort and intrinsic goals. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 57 ,325-341

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Koestner, R.Powers, T. A.Carbonneau, N., Milyavskaya, M. (2012) Distinguishing autonomous and directive forms of goal support: Their effects of goal progress relationship quality and personal well being. Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 38 ,1609-1620

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Roth, G., Kanat-Maymon, Y.Bibi, U. (2011) Prevention of school bullying: The important role of autonomy-supportive teaching and internalization of pro-social values. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81 ,654–666

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Ciani, K. D., Sheldon, K. M.Hilpert, J. C.Easter, M. A. (2011) Antecedents and trajectories of achievement goals: A self-determination theory perspective. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81 ,223–243

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Duriez, B. (2011) The social costs of extrinsic relative to intrinsic goal pursuits revisited: The moderating role of general causality orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 50 ,684–687

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Sebire, S., Standage, M., Vansteenkiste, M. (2011) Predicting objectively assessed physical activity from the content and regulation of exercise goals: Evidence for a mediational model. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 33 ,175-197

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Wang, C. K. J.Sproule, J.McNeill, M.Martindale, R. J. J. (2011) Impact of the talent development environment on achievement goals and life aspirations in Singapore. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 23 ,263-276

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Kasser, T. (2011) Cultural values and the well-being of future generations: A cross-national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42 ,206-215

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Sheldon, K. M.Nichols, C. P., Kasser, T. (2011) Americans recommend smaller ecological footprints when reminded of intrinsic American values of self-expression, family, and generosity. Ecopsychology, 3 ,97-104

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McLachlan, S., Hagger, M. S. (2011) Do people differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic goals in physical activity behavior?. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 33 ,273-288

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Kirkegaard Thomsen, D.Tønnesvang, J.Schnieber, A., Hammershøj Olesen, M. (2011) Do people ruminate because they haven’t digested their goals? The relations of rumination and reflection to goal internalization and ambivalence. New York: Springer Motivation and Emotion, 35 ,105-117

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Lekes, N., Joussemet, M.Koestner, R., Taylor, G. (2011) Transmitting intrinsic values from mothers to adolescents: The moderating role of a supportive family environment. Child Development Research,

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Twenge, J. M.Gentile, B.DeWall, C. N.Ma, D. (2010) Birth cohort increases in psychopathology among young Americans, 1938-2007: A cross-temporal meta-analysis of the MMPI. Clinical Psychology Review, 30 ,145–154

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Sheldon, K. M.Gunz, A.Nichols, C. P.Ferguson, Y. (2010) Extrinsic value orientation and affective forecasting: Overestimating the rewards, underestimating the costs. Journal of Personality, 78 ,149-178

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Ferguson, Y., Sheldon, K. M. (2010) Should goal-strivers think about ‘‘why’’ or ‘‘how’’ to strive? It depends on their skill level. Springer Motivation and Emotion, 34 ,253-265

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Lekes, N.Gingras, I., Philippe, F. L., Koestner, R. (2010) Parental autonomy-support, intrinsic life goals, and well-being among adolescents in China and North America. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39 ,858-869

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Niemiec, C. P., Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L., Williams, G. C. (2009) Aspiring to physical health: The role of aspirations for physical health in facilitating long-term tobacco abstinence. Patient Education and Counseling, 74 ,250-257

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Van Hiel, A., Vansteenkiste, M. (2009) Ambitions fullfilled? The effects of intrinsic and extrinsic goal attainment on older adults’ ego-integrity and death attitudes. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 68 ,27-51

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Niemiec, C. P., Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2009) The path taken: Consequences of attaining intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations in post-college life. Journal of Research in Personality, 43 ,291-306

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, Sebire, S., Standage, M., Vansteenkiste, M. (2009) Examining intrinsic versus extrinsic exercise goals: Cognitive, affective, and behavioral outcomes. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 31 ,189-210

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Weinstein, N.Przybylski, A. K., Ryan, R. M. (2009) Can nature make us more caring? Effects of immersion in nature on intrinsic aspirations and generosity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35 ,1315-1329

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Nien, C., Duda, J. L. (2009) Antecedents and consequences of approach and avoidance achievement goals: A test of gender invariance. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 9 ,352-372

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Murcia, J. A. M.Panos, A. H.Coll, D. G. C. (2009) Completing the self-determination theory with social goals: A study about enjoyment of physical education. Revista Mexicana de Psicologia, 26 ,213-222

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Koestner, R. (2008) Reaching one’s personal goals: A motivational perspective focused on autonomy. Canadian Psychology, 49 ,60-67

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Vansteenkiste, M.Timmermans, T.Lens, W., Soenens, B. (2008) Does extrinsic goal framing enhance extrinsic goal oriented individuals’ learning and performance? An experimental test of the match-perspective vs. self-determination theory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100(2) ,387-397

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Duriez, B., Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M. (2008) The intergenerational transmission of authoritarianism: The mediating role of parental goal promotion. Journal of Research in Personality, 42 ,622-642

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Sebire, S., Standage, M., Vansteenkiste, M. (2008) Development and validation of the goal content for exercise questionnaire. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 30 ,353-377

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Duriez, B., Soenens, B., Vansteenkiste, M. (2007) In search of the antecedents of adolescent authoritarianism: The relative contribution of parental goal promotion and parenting style dimensions. European Journal of Personality, 21 ,507-527

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Duriez, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Soenens, B. (2007) The social costs of extrinsic relative to intrinsic goal pursuits: Their relation with social dominance and racial and ethnic prejudice. Journal of Personality, 75 ,757-782

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Vansteenkiste, M., Matos, L.Lens, W., Soenens, B. (2007) Understanding the impact of intrinsic versus extrinsic goal framing on exercise performance: The conflicting role of task and ego involvement. Psychology of Sport And Exercise, 8 ,771-794

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Chatzisarantis, N. L., Hagger, M. S. (2007) The moral worth of sport reconsidered: Contributions of recreational sport and competitive sport to life aspirations and psychological well-being. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25 ,1047-1056

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Lacaille, N.Gaudreau, P., Koestner, R. (2007) On the value of intrinsic rather than traditional achievement goals for performing artists: A short-term prospective study. International Journal of Music Education, 25 ,243-254

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Vansteenkiste, M., Soenens, B.Lens, W. (2007) Intrinsic versus extrinsic goal promotion in sport and exercise: Understanding their differential impact on performance and persistence. In M. S. Hagger and N. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Self-Determination Theory in exercise and sport. (pp. 167-180) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

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Vallerand, R. J.Salvy, S. J., Mageau, G. A.Elliot, A. J. (2007) On the role of passion in performance. Journal of Personality, 75 ,505-534

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Kasser, T.Cohn, S.Kanner, A. D., Ryan, R. M. (2007) Some costs of American corporate capitalism: A psychological exploration of value and goal conflicts. Psychological Inquiry, 18 ,1-22

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Rijavec, M.Brdar, I.Miljkovic, D. (2006) Extrinsic vs. intrinsic life goals, psychological needs, and life satisfaction. In A. Delle Fave (Ed.), Dimensions of well-being. Research and intervention. (pp. 91-104 ) Milano: Franco Angeli.

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Vansteenkiste, M.Lens, W., Deci, E. L. (2006) Intrinsic versus extrinsic goal contents in self-determination theory: Another look at the quality of academic motivation. Educational Psychologist, 41 ,19-31

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Sheldon, K. M.Houser-Marko, L., Kasser, T. (2006) Does autonomy increase with age? Comparing the goal motivations of college students and their parents. Journal of Research in Personality, 40 ,168-178

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Vansteenkiste, M.Duriez, B.Simons, J., Soenens, B. (2006) Materialistic values and well-being among business students: Further evidence for their detrimental effect. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36 ,2892-2908

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Brdar, I. (2006) Zivotni ciljevi i dobrobit: Je li za sre u vano to elimo? [Life goals and well-being: Are aspirations important for happiness?]. Drutvena istraivanja, 4-5 ,671-691

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Koestner, R.Horberg, E. J.Gaudreau, P.Powers, T. (2006) Bolstering implementation plans for long haul: The benefits of simultaneously boosting self-concordance or self-efficacy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32 ,1547-1558

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Sheldon, K. M., Vansteenkiste, M. (2005) Time travel via goals: Implications and issues. In A. Strathman & J. Joireman (Eds.), Understanding behavior in the context of time: Theory, research, and applications in social, personality, health, and environmental psychology. (pp. 143-165) London: Erlbaum.

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Sheldon, K. M. (2005) Positive value change during college: Normative trends and individual differences. Journal of Research in Personality, 39 ,209-223

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Vansteenkiste, M.Simons, J.Lens, W., Soenens, B. (2005) Examining the motivational impact of intrinsic versus extrinsic goal framing and autonomy-supportive versus internally controlling communication style on early adolescents’ academic achievement. Child Development, 2 ,483-501

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Brown, K. W., Kasser, T. (2005) Are psychological and ecological well-being compatible? The role of values, mindfulness, and lifestyle. Social Indicators Research, 74 ,349-368

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Grouzet, F. M., Kasser, T.Ahuvia, A.Dols, J. M. F. (2005) The structure of goals across 15 cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89 ,800-816

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Vansteenkiste, M.Simons, J.Lens, W., Soenens, B. (2004) Less is sometimes more: Goal-content matters. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96 ,755-764

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Cozzolino, P. J.Staples, A. D.Meyers, L. S. (2004) Greed, death, and values: From terror management to transcendence management theory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30 ,278-292

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Vansteenkiste, M.Simons, J.Lens, W., Sheldon, K. M. (2004) Motivating learning, performance, and persistence: The synergistic role of intrinsic goals and autonomy-support. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87 ,246-260

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Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L., Kasser, T. (2004) The independent effects of goal contents and motives on well-being: It’s both what you pursue and why you pursue it. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30 ,475-486

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Vansteenkiste, M.Simons, J.Lens, W., Soenens, B. (2004) Die kwaliteit van motivatie telt: over het promoten van intriensieke doelen op een autonomieondersteunede wijze. [The quality of motivation matters: On promoting intrinsic goals in an autonomy-supportive way.]. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie, 59 ,119-131

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Kim, Y., Kasser, T.Lee, H. (2003) Self-concept, aspirations, and well-being in South Korea and the United States. Journal of Social Psychology, 143 ,277-290

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Sheldon, K. M.Arndt, J.Houser-Marko, L. I (2003) In search of the organismic valuing process: The human tendency to move towards beneficial goal choices. Journal of Personality, 71 ,835-869

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Kasser, T. (2002) In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Sketches for a self-determination theory of values. (pp. 123-140) Rochester, NY: University Of Rochester Press.

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Sheldon, K. M. (2002) In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), The self-concordance model of healthy goal-striving: When personal goals correctly represent the person. (pp. 65-86) Rochester, NY: University Of Rochester Press.

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Kasser, T.Ahuvia, A. C. (2002) Materialistic values and well-being in business students. European Journal of Social Psychology, 32 ,137-146

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Kasser, T., Koestner, R.Lekes, N. (2002) Early family experiences and adult values: A 26-year, prospective longitudinal study. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28 ,826-835

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Kasser, T. (2002) The high price of materialism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press

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Sheldon, K. M., Kasser, T. (2001) Goals, congruence, and positive well-being: New empirical validation for humanistic ideas. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 41 ,30-50

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Sheldon, K. M.Houser-Marko, L. (2001) Self-concordance, goal-attainment, and the pursuit of happiness: Can there be an upward spiral?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80 ,152-165

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Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M. (2001) In Peter Schmuck & Kennon M. Sheldon, Be careful what you wish for: Optimal functioning and the relative attainment of intrinsic and extrinsic goals. , Life Goals and Well-Being: Towards a Positive Psychology of Human Striving (pp. 116-131) Gottingen: Hogrefe & Huber Publishers.

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La Guardia, J. G., Ryan, R. M. (2000) Buts personnels, besoins psychologiques fondamentaux, et bien-être: Théorie de l’autodétermination et applications [Personal goals, fundamental psychological needs, and well-being: Self-determination theory and its applications]. Revue Québécoise de Psychologie, 21 ,283-306

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Williams, G. C.Cox, E. M.Hedberg, V.,, Deci, E. L. (2000) Extrinsic life goals and health risk behaviors in adolescents. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 30(8) ,1756-1771

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Schmuck, P., Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M. (2000) The relationship of well-being to intrinsic and extrinsic goals in Germany and the U.S. Social Indicators Research, 50 ,225-241

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Sheldon, K. M.Elliot, A. J. (2000) Personal goals in social roles: Divergences and convergences across roles and levels of analysis. Journal of Personality, 68 ,51-84

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Sheldon, K. M.McGregor, H. A. (2000) Extrinsic value orientation and ‘the tragedy of the commons’. Journal of Personality, 68 ,383-411

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Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M. (2000) The ‘what’ and ‘why’ of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11 ,227-268

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Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (1999) Approaching and avoiding self-determination: comparing cybernetic and organismic paradigms of motivation. In C. Carver & M. Scheier (Eds.), Perspectives on behavioral self-regulation: Advances in social cognition. , XII (pp. 193-215) Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.

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Ryan, R. M., Chirkov, V. I., Little, T. D., Sheldon, K. M. (1999) The American dream in Russia: Extrinsic aspirations and well-being in two cultures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25(12) ,1509-1524

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McHoskey, J. W. (1999) Machiavellianism, intrinsic versus extrinsic goals, and social interest: A self-determination theory analysis. Motivation and Emotion, 23 ,267-283

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Sheldon, K. M.Elliot, A. J. (1999) Goal striving, need-satisfaction, and longitudinal well-being: The self-concordance model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76 ,482-497

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Rawsthorne, L  J.Elliot, A. J. (1999) Achievement goals and intrinsic motivation: A meta-analytic review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3 ,326-344

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Sheldon, K. M., Kasser, T. (1998) Pursuing personal goals: Skills enable progress but not all progress is beneficial. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24(12) ,1319-1331

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Sheldon, K. M.Elliot, A. J. (1998) Not all personal goals are personal: Comparing autonomous and controlling goals on effort and attainment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24 ,546-557

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Ryan, R. M., Sheldon, K. M., Kasser, T., Deci, E. L. (1996) All goals are not created equal: An organismic perspective on the nature of goals and their regulation. In P. M. Gollwitzer & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), The psychology of action: Linking cognition and motivation to behavior. (pp. 7-26) New York: Guilford Press.

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Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M. (1996) Further examining the American dream: Differential correlates of intrinsic and extrinsic goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(3) ,280-287

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Kasser, T. (1996) Aspirations and well-being in a prison setting. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26 ,1367-1377

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Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M.Zax, M.Sameroff, A. J. (1995) The relations of maternal and social environments to late adolescents’ materialistic and prosocial values. Developmental Psychology, 31(6) ,907-914

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Sheldon, K. M., Kasser, T. (1995) Coherence and congruence: Two aspects of personality integration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68 ,531-543

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Kasser, T., Ryan, R. M. (1993) A dark side of the American dream: Correlates of financial success as a central life aspiration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(2) ,410-422

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