Sports

The Theory

Basic SDT research topics

Mossman, L. H., Slemp, G.Lewis, K. J.Colla, R. H. (2024) Autonomy support in sport and exercise settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1 ,540-563

Website PDF Full Text

Morbée, S., Haerens, L., Soenens, B.Thys, J. (2024) Coaching dynamics in elite volleyball: The role of a need-supportive and need-thwarting coaching style during competitive games. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 73 ,102655

Website PDF Full Text

Chu, T. L.Treacy, A.Moore, W. G.Petrie, T. A. (2024) Intersectionality matters: Gender, race/ethnicity, and sport level differentiate perceived coach-created motivational climates and psychological needs. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 13(1) ,59-75

Website PDF Full Text

Pereira, P.Santos, F.Marinho, D. A. (2024) Validation of the Sport Motivation Scale-II: Implications for the Portuguese youth sport system. SAGE Open, 14(1)

Website PDF Full Text

Jordan, N.Macdonald, S.Allen, J. (2024) Military sports recovery athletes’ perspectives on role of the coach in athletes’ well-being: The importance of supporting basic psychological needs. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, Advance online publication

Website PDF Full Text

Langdon, J. L.Van Arkel, J.Greene, K. (2023) Exploring virtual coach education in USA Lacrosse. International Journal of Sport Coaching, 10(3) ,399-409

Website PDF Full Text

Benish, D., Langdon, J. L.Culp, B. (2023) Previous experiences of novice coaches and their coach-created motivational climate: a collective case study. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 28(5) ,482-502

Website PDF Full Text

Shannon, S.Brick, N.Prentice, G.Breslin, G. (2023) The influence of athletes’ psychological needs on motivation, burnout and well-being: a test of self-determination theory. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 17(4) ,409–428

Website PDF Full Text

Schemenauer, S., Chu, T. L. (2023) Lessons from the field. Development of a group intervention to promote need-supportive sport parenting. Family Relations, 72 ,1326-1334

Website PDF Full Text

Lemelin, E.Kil, H.Petit, E., Carpentier, J. (2023) How to support athlete autonomy in university sports: Coaches’ experience of the reROOT Program. The Sport Psychologist, 37(4) ,253–265

Website PDF Full Text

Morbée, S.Waterschoot, J.De Muynck, G-J., Haerens, L. (2023) Identifying profiles of parental (de)motivating behaviors in youth sports: A multi-informant approach. Motivation and Emotion, 47 ,990-1006

Website PDF Full Text

De Clerck, T., Haerens, L.Van Dyck, D.Devos, G. (2023) Professionalizing all-volunteer nonprofit organizations: An intervention study based on the competing values framework and self-determination theory. , Journal of Organizational Change Management , 37(1) (pp. 39-57) doi: 10.1108/JOCM-01-2023-0028

Website PDF Full Text

Lemelin, E., Carpentier, J.Gadoury, S.Petit, E. (2023) The reROOT coaching program: A pilot randomized controlled trial evaluating its impact on coaching style and athlete sports development. , International Sport Coaching Journal , 11(3) (pp. 379–392) doi: 10.1123/iscj.2022-0099

Website PDF Full Text

Inguglia, C.Ingoglia, S.Leale, I.Iannello, N. M. (2023) Psychological antecedents of Italian sport coaches’ coaching behaviors: The role of basic psychological needs, motivation and subjective vitality. Healthcare, 11 ,2797

Website PDF Full Text

Madsen, E. E.Krustrup, P.Hansen, T.Aggestrup, C. S. (2023) Motivational predictors of children’s involvement in out-of-school activities: An application of a football program. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 33 ,72–83

Website PDF Full Text

Beauchamp, M. R.Kingstone, A., Ntoumanis, N. (2023) The Psychology of Athletic Endeavor. Annual Review of Psychology, 74 ,597-624

Website PDF Full Text

Morbée, S., Haerens, L.Waterschoot, J., Vansteenkiste, M. (2022) Which cyclists manage to cope with the corona crisis in a resilient way? The role of motivational profiles. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 20(4) ,1049-1067

Website PDF Full Text

Lemelin, E.Verner-Filion, J., Carpentier, J.Carbonneau, N. (2022) Autonomy support in sport contexts: The role of parents and coaches in the promotion of athlete well-being and performance. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 11(3) ,305-319

Website PDF Full Text

Shannon, S.Prentice, G.Brick, N.Leavey, G. (2022) Longitudinal associations between athletes’ psychological needs and burnout across a competitive season: A latent difference scores analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 44(4) ,240–250

Website PDF Full Text

Back, J.Stenling, A.Solstad, B. E.Svedberg, P. (2022) Psychosocial predictors of drop-out from organised sport: A prospective study in adolescent soccer. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 ,16585

Website PDF Full Text

Ntoumanis, N.E. QuestedL. PattersonS. Kaffe (2021) An intervention to optimise coach-created motivational climates and reduce athlete willingness to dope (CoachMADE): a three-country cluster randomised controlled trial. , British Journal of Sports Medicine , 55 (pp. 213-219) doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2019-101963

Website PDF Full Text

Benish, D., Langdon, J. L. (2021) Examination of novice coaches’ previous experience as athletes: Examples of autonomy support and controlling behaviors as influences on future coaching practice. International Sport Coaching Journal, Ahead of Print ,1–14

Website PDF Full Text

Chu, T. L.Zhang, X.Lee, J.Zhang, T. (2021) Perceived coach-created environment directly predicts high school athletes’ physical activity during sport. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 16(1) ,70-80

Website PDF Full Text

Shannon, S.Prentice, G.Breslin, G. (2021) Athletes’ psychological needs and coaches’ interpersonal behaviors: A within-person latent profile analysis. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 43(1) ,71-82

Website PDF Full Text

Rodrigues, F., Pelletier, L. G.Rocchi, M.Cid, L. (2021) Adaptation and validation of a Portuguese version of the Sports Motivation Scale-II (SMS-II-P) showing invariance for gender and sport type. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 128(6) ,2669-2687

Website PDF Full Text

Daniels, R.Cormier, J.Gore, J.McMahan, E. (2021) The impact of need satisfaction on college athlete burnout. The Sport Journal, 22

Website PDF Full Text

Ahrens, A. D., Chu, T. L. (2021) Motivation Is Not Always Black and White: Attending to African American Athletes’ Psychological Needs for Sport Involvement. A Journal for Physical and Sport Educators, 34(2) ,9-12

Website PDF Full Text

Smohai, M.Szemes, A.Bernhardt-Torma, B.Mirnics, Z. (2021) Psychometric properties of the Hungarian adaptation of the Sport Motivation Scale II. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21 ,2209-2218

Website PDF Full Text

Rodrigues, F., Pelletier, L. G.Rocchi, M.Cid, L. (2021) Adaptation and validation of a Portuguese version of the Sports Motivation Scale-II (SMS-II-P) showing invariance for gender and sport type. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 128(6) ,2669–2687

Website PDF Full Text

Bhavsar, N.Bartholomew, K. J.Quested, E.Gucciardi, D. F. (2020) Measuring psychological need states in sport: Theoretical considerations and a new measure. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 47 ,101617

Website PDF Full Text

Kwasnicka, D., Ntoumanis, N.Hunt, K.Gray, C. M. (2020) A gender-sensitised weight-loss and healthy living program for men with overweight and obesity in Australian Football League settings (Aussie-FIT): A pilot randomised controlled trial. , PLoS Medicine , 17(8) (pp. e1003136) doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003136

Website PDF Full Text

Matosic, D., Ntoumanis, N.Boardly, I. D.Sedikides, C. (2020) Narcissism, beliefs about controlling interpersonal style, and moral disengagement in sport coaches. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 18:5 ,592-606

Website PDF Full Text

Healy, L. C., Ntoumanis, N.Arthur, C. A. (2020) Goal motives and well-being in student-athletes: A person-centered approach. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 42(6) ,433-442

Website PDF Full Text

Standage, M., Ryan, R. M. (2020) Self-determination theory in sport and exercise. In In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology. , Handbook of sport psychology , Vol. 1 (pp. 37-56) Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. doi: 10.1002/9781119568124.ch3

Website PDF Full Text

Sommerfield, B., Chu, T. L. (2020) Coaches can utilize parents to optimize youth athletes’ sport experience. Strategies, 33(2) ,25-31

Website PDF Full Text

Shannon, S.Hanna, D.Leavey, G.Haughey, T. (2020) The association between mindfulness and mental health outcomes in athletes: testing the mediating role of autonomy satisfaction as a core psychological need. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,

Website PDF Full Text

Holding, A. C.Fortin, J-A., Carpentier, J.Hope, N. (2020) Letting go of gold: Examining the role of autonomy in elite athletes’ disengagement from their athletic careers and well-being in retirement. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 14(1) ,88–108

Website PDF Full Text

Standage, M.Curran, T.Rouse, P.C. (2019) In T.S. Horn & A.L. Smith, Self-determination-based theories of sport, exercise, and physical activity motivation. , Advances in Sport and Exercise Psychology (pp. 289-311) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Website PDF Full Text

Bhavsar, N., Ntoumanis, N.Quested, E.Gucciardi, D. F. (2019) Conceptualizing and testing a new tripartite measure of coach interpersonal behaviors. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 44 ,107-120

Website

Chu, T. L.Zhang, T. (2019) The roles of coaches, peers, and parents in athletes’ basic psychological needs: A mixed-studies review. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 14(4) ,569–588

Website PDF Full Text

Shannon, S.Hanna, D.Haughey, T.Leavey, G. (2019) Effects of a mental health intervention in athletes: Applying self-determination theory. , Frontiers in Psychology , 10 (pp. 1875-1888) doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01875

Website PDF Full Text

Breslin, G., Shannon, S.Haughey, T.Sarju, N. (2019) Athlete and non-athlete student intentions to self-manage mental health: Applying the integrated behaviour change model to the state of mind programme. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 33(1) ,83-97

Website PDF Full Text

(2019) Motivation Regulation among Black Women Triathletes. Sports, 7(9) ,208

Website PDF Full Text

Brown, C. S.Cotter, J. J.Dodd-McCue, D.Huebschmann, A. G. (2019) Intrinsic Motivation among Black Women Triathletes. International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches, 11(1) ,61-76

Website PDF Full Text

Brown, C. S.Taylor, J. (2019) In Jim Taylor, Mental Muscles. Routledge Comprehensive Applied Sport Psychology, ,26

Website PDF Full Text

Healy, L.Tincknell-Smith, A., Ntoumanis, N. (2018) In O. Braddick, Goal setting in sport and performance. , Oxford Research Encyclopaedia of Psychology New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.152

Website PDF Full Text

Ntoumanis, N.Quested, E., Reeve, J.Cheon, S. H. (2018) In B. Jackson, J. A. Dimmock, & J. Compton, Need supportive communication: Implications for motivation in sport, exercise, and physical activity. , Persuasion and communication in sport, exercise, and physical activity (pp. 155-169) Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

Website

Verner-Filion, J., Vallerand, R. J. (2018) A longitudinal examination of elite youth soccer players: The role of passion and basic need satisfaction in athletes’ optimal functioning. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 39 ,20-28

Website PDF Full Text

Brown, C. S.Masters, K. S.Huebschmann, A. G. (2018) Identifying Motives of Midlife Black Triathlete Women Using Survey Transformation to Guide Qualitative Inquiry. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 33(1) ,1-20

Website PDF Full Text

Li, C., Kawabata, M.Zhang, L. (2018) Validity and reliability of the Sport Motivation Scale-II for Chinese athletes. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1 ,51-64

Website PDF Full Text

Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2017) In R. M. Ryan, & E. L. Deci., Sport, physical activity, and physical education. (pp. 481-507) New York, NY: Guilford.

Website PDF Full Text

Keshtidar, M., Behzadnia, B. (2017) Prediction of intention to continue sport in athlete students: A self-determination theory approach. PloS one, 12(2) ,e0171673

Website PDF Full Text

Jowett, S.Adie, J. W.Bartholomew, K. J.Yang, S. X. (2017) Motivational processes in the coach-athlete relationship: A multi-cultural self-determination approach. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 32 ,143-152

Website PDF Full Text

Viciana, J.Mayorga-Vega, D.Guijarro-Romero, S.Martínez-Baena, A. (2017) The Spanish adaptation of the Sport Motivation Scale-II in adolescent athletes. Psychological Reports, 120(5) ,943-965

Website PDF Full Text

Matosic, D., Ntoumanis, N.Quested, E. (2016) In Raab, M., Wylleman, P., Seiler, R., Elbe, A.M., and Hatzigeorgiadis, A. (Eds.), Antecedents of need supportive and controlling interpersonal styles from a self-determination theory perspective: A review and implications for sport psychology research. , Sport and Exercise Psychology Research: From Theory to Practice (pp. 144-180) London, UK: Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-803634-1.00007-8

Website

Gaudreau, P.Morinville, A.Gareau, A.Verner-Filion, J. (2016) Autonomy support from parents and coaches: Synergistic or compensatory effects on sport-related outcomes of adolescent-athletes?. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 25 ,89-99

Website PDF Full Text

Brown, C. S.Masters, K. S.Huebschmann, A. G. (2016) The Motives for Triathlon Participation from an Aging Black Woman. Gerontology & Geriatrics: Research, 2(2) ,1009

Website PDF Full Text

Stenseng, F., Forest, J.Curran, T. (2015) Positive emotions in recreational sport activities: The role of passion and belongingness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 16 ,1117-1129

Website PDF Full Text

Cheon, S. H., Reeve, J.Lee, J.Lee, Y. (2015) Giving and receiving autonomy support in a high-stakes sport context: A !eld-based experiment during the 2012 London Paralympic Games. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 19 ,59-69

Website PDF Full Text

Wang, C. K. J., Liu, W. C.Nogawa, H.Sun, Y. (2015) The influence of Japanese sporting culture and motivation on sport participation and life aspirations. Asia Pacific Journal of Sport and Social Science, 4(2) ,113-123

Website

Boiché, J.Sarrazin, P., Chanal, J. (2015) A Longitudinal Study of Perceived Conflict and Instrumental Relationships Between Life Contexts Among Adolescents: The Role of Self-Determined Motivation. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 27(4) ,430-448

Website PDF Full Text

Carpentier, J., Mageau, G. A. (2014) The role of coaches’ passion and athletes’ motivation in the prediction of change-oriented feedback quality and quantity. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15 ,326-335

Website PDF Full Text

White II, M. H., Sheldon, K. M. (2014) The contract year syndrome in the NBA and MLB: A classic undermining pattern. Motivation and Emotion, 38 ,196-205

Website PDF Full Text

Pelletier, L. G.Rocchi, M. A., Vallerand, R. J., Deci, E. L. (2013) Validation of the revised sport motivation scale (SMS-II). Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14 ,329-341

Website PDF Full Text

Ntoumanis, N. (2012) A self-determination theory perspective on motivation in sport and physical education: Current trends and possible future research directions. In G.C. Roberts and D. C. Treasure, Motivation in sport and exercise: Volume 3. , Motivation in sport and exercise: Volume 3 (pp. 91-128) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Website PDF Full Text

García-Calvo, T.Sánchez, P. A.Leo, F.M.Sánchez, D. (2011) Incidencia de la Teoría de Autodeterminación sobre la persistencia deportiva. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte, 25 ,266- 276

Website PDF Full Text

Gillet, N.Vallerand, R. J.Amoura, S.Baldes, B. (2010) Influence of coaches’ autonomy support on athletes’ motivation and sport performance: A test of the hierarchical model of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 11 ,155-161

Website PDF Full Text

Gillet, N.Vallerand, R. J.Paty, E.Gobance, L. (2010) French validation and adaptation of the Perceived Autonomy Support Scale for Exercise Settings to the sport context. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 8 ,117-128

Website

Balaguer, I.Castillo, I., Duda, J. L. (2009) Analisis las propiedades psicometricas de la version espanola del Cuestionario de Clima en el Deporte [Analysis of the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Sport Climate Questionnaire]. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 18 ,73-83

Website PDF Full Text

Ntoumanis, N., Standage, M. (2009) Morality in sport: A self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21 ,365-380

Website PDF Full Text

Gillet, N.Berjot, S.Paty, B. (2009) Profil motivationnel et performance sportive. Psychologie française, 54 ,173–190

Website PDF Full Text

Camacho, A. S.Soto, C. A.Rodriguez, J. M. M.Canton, A. O. (2009) Motivational profiles in local sport centers. Anales de Psicologia, 25 ,160-168

Website PDF Full Text

Murcia, J. A. M.Nougera, F. C.Coll, D. G. C.Gimeno, E. C. (2009) Dispositional flow in lifesaving sport: A self-determination theory approach. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 18 ,23-35

Website PDF Full Text

Paquet, Y.Berjot, S., Gillet, N. (2009) Validation d’une échelle de locus de contrôle spécifique à la performance en sport individuel. Bulletin de Psychologie, 62 ,351-363

Website PDF Full Text

Philippe, F. L., Vallerand, R. J.Andrianarisoa, J.Brunel, P. (2009) Passion in referees: Examining their affective and cognitive experiences in sport situations. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 31 ,77-96

Website PDF Full Text

Standage, M., Vallerand, R. J. (2008) Self-determined motivation in sport and exercise groups. In M. R. Beauchamp & M. A. Eys (Eds.), Group dynamics advances in sport and exercise psychology: Contemporary themes. (pp. 179-199) New York: Routledge.

Website PDF Full Text

Balaguer, I.Castillo, I., Duda, J. L. (2008) Apoyo a la autonomía, satisfacción de las necesidades, motivación y bienestar en deportistas de competición: Un análisis de la Teoría de la Autodeterminación [Autonomy support, needs satisfaction, motivation and well-being in competitive athletes: A test of the Self-Determination Theory]. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 17 ,123-139

Website PDF Full Text

Vallerand, R. J., Mageau, G. A.Elliot, A. J.Dumais, A. (2008) Passion and performance attainment in sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 9 ,373–392

Website PDF Full Text

Vallerand, R. J., Ntoumanis, N., Philippe, F. L.Lavigne, G. (2008) On passion and sports fans: A look at football. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26 ,1279-1293

Website PDF Full Text

Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2007) In M. S. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Active human nature: Self-determination theory and the promotion and maintenance of sport, exercise, and health. (pp. 1-19) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Website PDF Full Text

Conroy, D. E.Coatsworth, J. D. (2007) In M. S. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Competence motivation in sport and exercise: The hierarchical model of achievement motivation and self-determination theory. (pp. 181-192) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Website PDF Full Text

Balaguer, I.Castillo, I., Duda, J. L. (2007) Propiedades psicometricas de la Escala de Motivacion Deportiva en deportistas espanoles [Psychometric properties of the Sports Motivation Scale in Spanish athletes]. Revista Mexicana de Psicología, 24 ,197-207

Website PDF Full Text

Wang, C.K.J., (2007) In M.S. Hagger & N.L.D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Understanding young people’s motivation toward exercise: An integration of sport ability beliefs, achievement goal theory, and self-determination theory. , Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 193-208) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics..

Website PDF Full Text

Hagger, M. S., Chatzisarantis, N. L. (2007) In M. S. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), The trans-contextual model of motivation. (pp. 53-70) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Website PDF Full Text

Vansteenkiste, M., Soenens, B.Lens, W. (2007) Intrinsic versus extrinsic goal promotion in sport and exercise: Understanding their differential impact on performance and persistence. In M. S. Hagger and N. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Self-Determination Theory in exercise and sport. (pp. 167-180) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Website PDF Full Text

Sarrazin, P.Boiché, J., Pelletier, L. G. (2007) In M. S. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), A self-determination theory approach to dropout in athletes. (pp. 229-242) Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Website PDF Full Text

Reinboth, M.Duda J. L. (2006) Perceived motivational climate, need satisfaction and indices of well-being in team sports: A longitudinal perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 7 ,269–286

Website PDF Full Text

Alonso, J. L.Lucas, J. M.Izqueirda, J. G. (2006) Propiedades psicométricas de la versión Española de la Escala de Motivación Deportiva. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 16 ,211-223

Website PDF Full Text

Fernández, H.Vasconcelos-Raposo, J. (2005) Continuum de Auto-determinação: Validade Para a Sua Aplicação No Contexto Desportivo [Self-determination Continuum: Validity For Its Application In The Sport’s Context]. . Estudos de Psicologia, 10 ,385-395

Website PDF Full Text

Vazou, S., Ntoumanis, N.Duda, J.L. (2005) Peer motivational climate in youth sport: A qualitative inquiry. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 6 ,497-516

Website PDF Full Text

Fernández, H.Vasconcelos-Raposo, J. (2005) Continuum de auto-determinação: Validade para a sua aplicação no contexto desportivo [Self-determination continuum: Validity for its application in the sport’s context]. Estudos de Psicologia, 10 ,385-395

Website PDF Full Text

Sarrazin, P.Trouilloud, D.Tessier, D., Chanal, J. (2005) Attentes de motivation et comportements différenciés de l’enseignant d’Education Physique et Sportive à l’égard de ses élèves : une étude en contexte naturel d’enseignement. European Review of Applied Psychology (Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée), 55(2) ,111-120

Website PDF Full Text

Frederick, C.Morris, T. (2004) Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in sport and exercise. In T. Morris & J. Summers (Eds.), Sport psychology: Theory, applications and issues, 2nd ed.. (pp. 121-151) Milton, Australia: John Wiley & Sons Australia.

Website PDF Full Text

Chatzisarantis, N. L., Hagger, M. S.Biddle, S. J. H.Smith, B. (2003) A meta-analysis of perceived locus on causality in exercise, sport, and physical education contexts. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 25 ,284-306

Website PDF Full Text

Gagné, M., Ryan, R. M.Bargmann, K. (2003) Autonomy support and need satisfaction in the motivation and well-being of gymnasts. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 15 ,372-390

Website PDF Full Text

Mageau, G. A., Vallerand, R. J. (2003) The coach-athlete relationship: A motivational model. Journal of Sports Science, 21(11) ,883-904

Website PDF Full Text

Frederick, C. (2002) In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Self-determination theory and participation motivation research in the sport and exercise domain. (pp. 277-294) Rochester, NY: University Of Rochester Press.

Website PDF Full Text

Pelletier, L. G., Fortier, M. S., Vallerand, R. J.Tuson, K. M. (1995) Toward a new measure of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in sports: The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17 ,35-53

Website PDF Full Text

Brière, N. M., Vallerand, R. J., Blais, M. R. (1995) Developpement et validation d’une mesure de motivation intrinseque et extrinseque et d’amotivation en contexte sportif: L’Echelle de Motivation dans les Sports (EMS). Journal International de Psychologie du Sport, 26 ,465-489

Website PDF Full Text

Deci, E. L.Olson, B. C. (1989) Motivation and competition: Their role in sports. In J. H. Goldstein (Ed.), Sports, games, and play. (pp. 83-110) Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Website PDF Full Text

McAuley, E.Duncan, T.Tammen, V. V. (1989) Psychometric properties of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory in a competitive sport setting: A confirmatory factor analysis. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 60(1) ,48-58

Website PDF Full Text

Vallerand, R. J., Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M. (1987) Intrinsic motivation in sport. In K. Pandolf (Ed,), Exercise and sport science reviews, Vol. 15. (pp. 389-425) New York: Macmillan.

Website PDF Full Text