Structure

The Theory

Basic SDT research topics

Raine, K. E.Tucker, K. S., Skinner, E. A. (2025) Exploring the pathways through which teacher support predicts changes in students’ academic coping across the school year: A self-determination theory approach. The Journal of Early Adolescence, Advance online publication

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Patzak, A.Zhang, X. (2025) Blending teacher autonomy support and provision of structure in the classroom for optimal motivation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 37(17)

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Robichaud, J-M., Mageau, G. A., Soenens, B.Mabbe, E. (2024) Should parents combine reasoning with firm control to nurture adolescent socialization? Comparing logical consequences with mild punishments. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, Advance online publication

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Fierro-Suero, S.Van Doren, N.De Cocker, K., Haerens, L. (2024) Towards a refined insight into physical education teachers’ autonomy-supportive, structuring, and controlling style to the importance of student motivation: A person-centered approach. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, Advance online publication

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King, T.Smits, A.Jaarsma, D.Voogt, J. (2024) What need-supportive and need-thwarting teaching behaviors do university teachers use in their honors classes? An observational study. International Journal of Educational Research, 6 ,100331

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Arvanitis, A.Barrable, A.Touloumakos, A. K. (2024) The relationship between autonomy support and structure in early childhood nature‐based settings: Practices and challenges. Learning Environments Research, 27 ,101–119,

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Patall, E. A.Yates, N.Lee, J.Chen, M. (2023) A meta-analysis of teachers’ provision of structure in the classroom and students’ academic competence beliefs, engagement, and achievement. Educational Psychologist, 59(1) ,42-70

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Grolnick, W. S.Lerner, R. E. (2023) In R. M. Ryan (Ed.), How parental autonomy support, structure, and involvement help children flourish: Considering interactions, context, and diversity. Oxford University Press The Oxford handbook of self-determination theory, ,pp. 491–508

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Robichaud, J-M.Normandin, A-L., Mageau, G. A. (2021) The socializing role of the problem-constraint link: A multimethod investigation. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 73 ,101260

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Cheon, S. H., Reeve, J., Vansteenkiste, M. (2020) When teachers learn how to provide classroom structure in an autonomy-supportive way: Benefits to teachers and their students. , Teaching and Teacher Education , 90 (pp. 103004) doi: 10.1016/j.tate.2019.103004

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Robichaud, J-M., Mageau, G. A., Soenens, B. (2020) The role of logical consequences in adolescents’ cognitive precursors of compliance and internalization. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 192 ,104777

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Robichaud, J-M., Mageau, G. A. (2020) The socializing role of logical consequences, mild punishments and reasoning in rule-breaking contexts involving multifaceted issues. Social Development, 29 ,356-372

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Robichaud, J-M.Lessard, J.Labelle, L., Mageau, G. A. (2019) The role of logical consequences and autonomy support in children’s anticipated reactions of anger and empathy. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(6) ,1511-1524

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Mageau, G. A.Lessard, J., Carpentier, J., Robichaud, J-M. (2018) Effectiveness and acceptability beliefs regarding logical consequences and mild punishments. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 54 ,12-22

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Mouratidis, A.Michou, A., Aelterman, N., Haerens, L. (2018) Begin-of-school-year perceived autonomy-support and structure as predictors of end-of-school-year study efforts and procrastination: the mediating role of autonomous and controlled motivation. Educational Psychology: An International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology, 38(4) ,435-450

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Ratelle, C. F.Duchesne, S., Guay, F.Boisclair Châteauvert, G. (2018) Comparing the contribution of overall structure and its specific dimensions for competence-related outcomes: A bifactor model. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 54 ,89-98

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Aelterman, N., Vansteenkiste, M.Van Keer, H., Haerens, L. (2016) Changing teachers’ beliefs regarding autonomy support and structure: The role of experienced psychological need satisfaction in teacher training. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 23 ,64-72

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Oga-Baldwin, W. L. Q.Nakata, Y. (2015) Structure also supports autonomy: Measuring and defining autonomy‐supportive teaching in Japanese elementary foreign language classes. Japanese Psychological Research, 57(3) ,167-179

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Grolnick, W. S.Raftery-Helmer, J. N.Flamm, E. S.Marbell, K. N. (2015) Parental provision of academic structure and the transition to middle school. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 25 ,668-684

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Grolnick, W. S.Raftery-Helmer, J. N.Marbell, K. N.Flamm, E. S. (2014) Parental provision of structure: Implementation and correlates in three domains. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 60(3) ,355-384

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Flamm, E. S., Grolnick, W. S. (2013) Adolescent adjustment in the context of life change: The supportive role of parental structure provision. Journal of Adolescence, 36(5) ,899-912

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Vansteenkiste, M.Sierens, E.Goossens, L., Soenens, B. (2012) Identifying configurations of perceived teacher autonomy support and structure: Associations with self-regulated learning, motivation and problem behavior. Learning and Instruction, 22 ,431-439

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Farkas, M. S., Grolnick, W. S. (2010) Examining the components and concomitants of parental structure in the academic domain. Motivation and Emotion, 34 ,266–279

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Jang, H., Reeve, J., Deci, E. L. (2010) Engaging students in learning activities: It’s not autonomy support or structure, but autonomy support and structure. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(3) ,588-600

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Sierens, E., Vansteenkiste, M.Goossens, L., Soenens, B. (2009) The synergistic relationship of perceived autonomy support and structure in the prediction of self-regulated learning. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 79 ,57-68

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Cleveland, E. S.Reese, E. (2005) Maternal structure and autonomy support in conversations about the past: Contributions to children’s autobiographical memory. Developmental Psychology, 41(2) ,376-388

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Koestner, R., Ryan, R. M.Bernieri, F.Holt, K (1984) Setting limits on children’s behavior: The differential effects of controlling versus informational styles on children’s intrinsic motivation and creativity. Journal of Personality, 52(3) ,233-248

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