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Self-Determination Theory & Health Policy

August 15, 2023 by Arlen Moller

By Arlen Moller, Emily Oliver, & Ben Rigby(1) Affiliation; (2) Affiliation; (3) Affiliation Sample text here…summary of themes from the 8th International Self-Determination Theory Conference Workshop “SDT & Health Policy” Theme 1 Theme 2

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Social Issues

Psychotherapy

Overview

Understanding clients’ motivation is key in helping to promote personal integration, growth, and change. SDT research on psychotherapy has found, for example, that it makes a difference whether a person freely chooses to start or continue in therapy because it’s personally important to them, or whether they feel forced or pressured into doing so. In other words, whether one’s motivation for therapy is more internal, or more external, matters. But motivation, of course, can change over time, and part of that has to do with the quality of the relationship between the client and the therapist. As well, there is also a lot that we are only now starting to learn about the link between people’s psychological needs and the kind of problems they may be struggling with in life. It’s possible that many of the struggles we encounter can be traced, at least in part, to experiences in which our basic needs (for relationships, for feelings of competence, for opportunities to make personally meaningful choices) are not or cannot be satisfied.

In Practice

When clients feel listened to, valued, and understood by their therapist, they are more likely to engage in counseling for reasons that feel personally important and self-chosen. This also seems to be the case as they begin to feel more confident, in the course of therapy, that change is possible for them. Again, we are learning a lot about how the way that client and counselor work together makes a difference in the therapy; in other words, the quality of their relationship matters. As well, learning new ways to meet one’s needs for relationships, competence, and choice can be part of the work of therapy, from an SDT perspective.

Take-Aways

  • SDT suggests that motivation matters: why a person chooses to come to therapy, to continue in therapy, or to stop therapy, makes a difference.
  • Outcomes generally seem to be better when choices are made for reasons that are more internal (personally valued, freely made) than more external (under threat or feelings of pressure or control).
  • Basic needs for relationships, for competence, and for choice are important; living in circumstances that don’t provide opportunities to satisfy these needs, whether in the short term or in the long term, can have a negative impact on one’s well-being.
  • Within the framework of SDT, a therapist can help the client to explore their reasons for coming to therapy, and can work with the client to identify and to practice new ways to satisfy their needs for relationships, competence, and choice, when it seems that deprivation in one or more of those areas may be at the root of their current problems.

Other Applied Domains

Elderly

Bradshaw, E. L., Anderson, J. R., Banday, M. A. J., Basarkod, G., Daliri-Ngametua, R., Ferber, K., Henry, D., & Ryan, R. M. (2023). A quantitative meta-analysis and qualitative meta-synthesis of aged care residents’ experiences of autonomy, being controlled, and optimal functioning. The Gerontologist, Advance online publication doi: 10.1093/geront/gnad135

Barry, R. A., Longstreth, M. E., Benson, K., Cannon, C. J., Gomez Batista, S., Slosser Woth, A., Bell, J. H., & McKibbin, C. L. (2021). Testing a self-determination theory perspective of informal caregiving: A preliminary study. Psychology and Aging, Advance Online doi: 10.1037/pag0000648

Kritz, M., Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., Mullan, B., Stathi, A., & Ntoumanis, N. (2021). How can older peer leaders best support motivation for walking in physically inactive older adults? A self-determination theory perspective. Psychology & Health, Advance Online doi: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1994968

Tang, M., Wang, D., & Guerrien, A. (2020). A systematic review and meta-analysis on basic psychological need satisfaction, motivation, and well-being in later life: Contributions of self-determination theory. PsyCh Journal, 9 (1), 5-33. doi: 10.1002/pchj.293

Ho, G., & Ng, B. (2020). The Importance of the Environment in Community Integration for Supporting and Sustaining Healthy Aging: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective. In Ng B., Ho G. (eds), Self-Determination Theory and Healthy Aging (pp. 229-245). Singapore: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-6968-5_12

Shah, K. N., Ryan, R. M., Majeed, Z., Yoruk, Y. B., Yang, H., Hilton, T. N., McMahon, J. M., Hall, W. J., Walck, D., & Luque, A. E. (2016). . In , Enhancing physical function in HIV-infected older adults: A randomized controlled clinical trial. (Vol 35(6), pp. 563-573). : . doi: 10.1037/hea0000311

Houlfort, N., Fernet, C., Vallerand, R. J., Laframboise, A., Guay, F., & Koestner, R. (2015). The role of passion for work and need satisfaction in psychological adjustment to retirement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 88, 84-94. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.02.005

Sheldon, K. M., & Kasser, T. (2001). Getting older, Getting better? Personal strivings and psychological maturity across the life span. Developmental Psychology, 37(4), 491-501. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.37.4.491

Kasser, V. M., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). The relation of psychological needs for autonomy and relatedness to health, vitality, well-being and mortality in a nursing home. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 935-954. doi: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb00133.x

Vallerand, R. J., O'Connor, B. P., & Hamel, M. (1995). Motivation in later life: Theory and assessment. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 41, 221-238.

O'Connor, B. P., & Vallerand, R. J. (1994). The relative effects of actual and experienced autonomy on motivation in nursing home residents. Canadian Journal on Aging, 13, 528-538.

Losier, G. F., Bourque, P. E., & Vallerand, R. J. (1993). A motivational model of leisure participation in the elderly. Journal of Psychology, 127, 153-170.

O'Connor, B. P., & Vallerand, R. J. (1990). Religious motivation in the elderly: A French-Canadian replication and an extension. Journal of Social Psychology, 130, 53-59.

Vallerand, R. J., O'Connor, B. P., & Blais, M. R. (1989). Life satisfaction of elderly individuals in regular community housing, in low-cost community housing, and high and low self-determination nursing homes. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 28, 277-283.

Vallerand, R. J., & O'Connor, B. P. (1989). Motivation in the elderly: A theoretical framework and some promising findings. Canadian Psychology, 30, 538-550.

Van der Kaap-Deeder, J., Vermote, B., Waterschoot, J., Soenens, B., Morbee, S., & Vansteenkiste, M. (). The role of ego integrity and despair in older adults’ well-being during the covid-19 crisis: The mediating role of need-based experiences. Research Square, Preprint doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-83538/v1

Information Literacy

Crow, S. R. (2009). Relationships that foster intrinsic motivation for information seeking. School Libraries Worldwide, 15, 91-112.

Arnone, M. P., Reynolds, R., & Marshall, T. (2009). The effect of early adolescents’ psychological needs satisfaction upon their perceived competence in information skills and intrinsic motivation for research. School Libraries Worldwide, 15, 115-134.

Music

Evans, P., & Ryan, R. M. (2022). . In G. McPherson, Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for music performance (Vol 1, pp. 576-603). : Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190056285.013.24

Kingsford-Smith, A., & Evans, P. (2021). A longitudinal study of psychological needs satisfaction, value, achievement, and elective music intentions. Psychology of Music, 49(3), 382–398. doi: 10.1177/0305735619868285

Miksza, P., Evans, P., & McPherson, G. E. (2021). Motivation to pursue a career in music: The role of social constraints in university music programs. Psychology of Music, 49(1), 50–68. doi: 10.1177/0305735619836269

Miksza, P., Evans, P., & McPherson, G. E. (2021). Wellness among university-level music students: A study of the predictors of subjective vitality. Musicae Scientiae, 25(2), 143–160. doi: 10.1177/1029864919860554

Blackwell, J., Miksza, P., Evans, P., & McPherson, G. E. (2020). Student vitality, teacher engagement, and rapport in studio music instruction. Frontiers in Psychology doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01007

Krause, A. E., North, A. C., & Davidson, J. W. (2019). Using self-determination theory to examine musical participation and well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 405. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00405

Freer, E., & Evans, P. (2019). Choosing to study music in high school: Teacher support, psychological needs satisfaction, and elective music intentions. Psychology of Music, 47(6), 781–799. doi: 10.1177/0305735619864634

Evans, P., & Liu, M. Y. (2019). Psychological Needs and Motivational Outcomes in a High School Orchestra Program. Journal of Research in Music Education, 67(1), 83-105. doi: 10.1177/0022429418812769

Comeau, G., Huta, V., Lu, Y., & Swirp, M. (2019). The Motivation for Learning Music (MLM) questionnaire: Assessing children’s and adolescents’ autonomous motivation for learning a musical instrument. Motivation and Emotion, 43, 705–718. doi: 10.1007/s11031-019-09769-7

Freer, E., & Evans, P. (2018). Psychological needs satisfaction and value in students’ intentions to study music in high school. Psychology of Music, 46(6), 881–895. doi: 10.1177/0305735617731613

Lalande, D. R., Vallerand, R. J., Lafrenière, M.-A. K., Verner-Filion, J., Laurent, F.-A., Forest, J., & Paquet, Y. (2017). Obsessive passion: A compensatory response to unsatisfied needs. Journal of Personality, 85(2), 163-178. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12229

Evans, P., & Bonneville-Roussy, A. (2016). Self-determined motivation for practice in university music students. Psychology of Music, 44(5), 1095–1110. doi: 10.1177/0305735615610926

León, J., Núñez, J. L., Alfonso-Ruiz, Z., & Bordón, B. (2015). Music academic performance: Effect of intrinsic motivation and critical thinking. Journal of Psychodidactics, 20(2), 377-391. doi: 10.1387/RevPsicodidact.12673

Evans, P. (2015). Self-determination theory: An approach to motivation in music education. Music Scientiae, 19(1), 65-83. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864914568044

Digelidis, N., Karageorghis, C., Papapavlou, A., & Papaioannou, A. (2014). Effects of asynchronous music on students' lesson satisfaction and motivation at the situational level. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 33, 326-341. doi: 10.1123/jtpe.2013-0120

Evans, P., McPherson, G. E., & Davidson, J. W. (2013). The role of psychological needs in ceasing music and music learning activities. Psychology of Music, 41(5), 600–619. doi: 10.1177/0305735612441736

Powers, T., Koestner, R., Zuroff, D., Lacaille, N., & Kwan, L. (2009). Self-criticism, motivation, and goal progress of athletes and musicians: A prospective study. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 279-283.

Lacaille, N., Gaudreau, P., & Koestner, R. (2007). On the value of intrinsic rather than traditional achievement goals for performing artists: A short-term prospective study. International Journal of Music Education, 25, 243-254.

Virtual Environments

Elderly

Bradshaw, E. L., Anderson, J. R., Banday, M. A. J., Basarkod, G., Daliri-Ngametua, R., Ferber, K., Henry, D., & Ryan, R. M. (2023). A quantitative meta-analysis and qualitative meta-synthesis of aged care residents’ experiences of autonomy, being controlled, and optimal functioning. The Gerontologist, Advance online publication doi: 10.1093/geront/gnad135

Barry, R. A., Longstreth, M. E., Benson, K., Cannon, C. J., Gomez Batista, S., Slosser Woth, A., Bell, J. H., & McKibbin, C. L. (2021). Testing a self-determination theory perspective of informal caregiving: A preliminary study. Psychology and Aging, Advance Online doi: 10.1037/pag0000648

Kritz, M., Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., Mullan, B., Stathi, A., & Ntoumanis, N. (2021). How can older peer leaders best support motivation for walking in physically inactive older adults? A self-determination theory perspective. Psychology & Health, Advance Online doi: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1994968

Tang, M., Wang, D., & Guerrien, A. (2020). A systematic review and meta-analysis on basic psychological need satisfaction, motivation, and well-being in later life: Contributions of self-determination theory. PsyCh Journal, 9 (1), 5-33. doi: 10.1002/pchj.293

Ho, G., & Ng, B. (2020). The Importance of the Environment in Community Integration for Supporting and Sustaining Healthy Aging: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective. In Ng B., Ho G. (eds), Self-Determination Theory and Healthy Aging (pp. 229-245). Singapore: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-6968-5_12

Shah, K. N., Ryan, R. M., Majeed, Z., Yoruk, Y. B., Yang, H., Hilton, T. N., McMahon, J. M., Hall, W. J., Walck, D., & Luque, A. E. (2016). . In , Enhancing physical function in HIV-infected older adults: A randomized controlled clinical trial. (Vol 35(6), pp. 563-573). : . doi: 10.1037/hea0000311

Houlfort, N., Fernet, C., Vallerand, R. J., Laframboise, A., Guay, F., & Koestner, R. (2015). The role of passion for work and need satisfaction in psychological adjustment to retirement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 88, 84-94. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.02.005

Sheldon, K. M., & Kasser, T. (2001). Getting older, Getting better? Personal strivings and psychological maturity across the life span. Developmental Psychology, 37(4), 491-501. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.37.4.491

Kasser, V. M., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). The relation of psychological needs for autonomy and relatedness to health, vitality, well-being and mortality in a nursing home. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 935-954. doi: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb00133.x

Vallerand, R. J., O'Connor, B. P., & Hamel, M. (1995). Motivation in later life: Theory and assessment. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 41, 221-238.

O'Connor, B. P., & Vallerand, R. J. (1994). The relative effects of actual and experienced autonomy on motivation in nursing home residents. Canadian Journal on Aging, 13, 528-538.

Losier, G. F., Bourque, P. E., & Vallerand, R. J. (1993). A motivational model of leisure participation in the elderly. Journal of Psychology, 127, 153-170.

O'Connor, B. P., & Vallerand, R. J. (1990). Religious motivation in the elderly: A French-Canadian replication and an extension. Journal of Social Psychology, 130, 53-59.

Vallerand, R. J., O'Connor, B. P., & Blais, M. R. (1989). Life satisfaction of elderly individuals in regular community housing, in low-cost community housing, and high and low self-determination nursing homes. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 28, 277-283.

Vallerand, R. J., & O'Connor, B. P. (1989). Motivation in the elderly: A theoretical framework and some promising findings. Canadian Psychology, 30, 538-550.

Van der Kaap-Deeder, J., Vermote, B., Waterschoot, J., Soenens, B., Morbee, S., & Vansteenkiste, M. (). The role of ego integrity and despair in older adults’ well-being during the covid-19 crisis: The mediating role of need-based experiences. Research Square, Preprint doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-83538/v1

Information Literacy

Crow, S. R. (2009). Relationships that foster intrinsic motivation for information seeking. School Libraries Worldwide, 15, 91-112.

Arnone, M. P., Reynolds, R., & Marshall, T. (2009). The effect of early adolescents’ psychological needs satisfaction upon their perceived competence in information skills and intrinsic motivation for research. School Libraries Worldwide, 15, 115-134.

Music

Evans, P., & Ryan, R. M. (2022). . In G. McPherson, Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for music performance (Vol 1, pp. 576-603). : Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190056285.013.24

Kingsford-Smith, A., & Evans, P. (2021). A longitudinal study of psychological needs satisfaction, value, achievement, and elective music intentions. Psychology of Music, 49(3), 382–398. doi: 10.1177/0305735619868285

Miksza, P., Evans, P., & McPherson, G. E. (2021). Motivation to pursue a career in music: The role of social constraints in university music programs. Psychology of Music, 49(1), 50–68. doi: 10.1177/0305735619836269

Miksza, P., Evans, P., & McPherson, G. E. (2021). Wellness among university-level music students: A study of the predictors of subjective vitality. Musicae Scientiae, 25(2), 143–160. doi: 10.1177/1029864919860554

Blackwell, J., Miksza, P., Evans, P., & McPherson, G. E. (2020). Student vitality, teacher engagement, and rapport in studio music instruction. Frontiers in Psychology doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01007

Krause, A. E., North, A. C., & Davidson, J. W. (2019). Using self-determination theory to examine musical participation and well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 405. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00405

Freer, E., & Evans, P. (2019). Choosing to study music in high school: Teacher support, psychological needs satisfaction, and elective music intentions. Psychology of Music, 47(6), 781–799. doi: 10.1177/0305735619864634

Evans, P., & Liu, M. Y. (2019). Psychological Needs and Motivational Outcomes in a High School Orchestra Program. Journal of Research in Music Education, 67(1), 83-105. doi: 10.1177/0022429418812769

Comeau, G., Huta, V., Lu, Y., & Swirp, M. (2019). The Motivation for Learning Music (MLM) questionnaire: Assessing children’s and adolescents’ autonomous motivation for learning a musical instrument. Motivation and Emotion, 43, 705–718. doi: 10.1007/s11031-019-09769-7

Freer, E., & Evans, P. (2018). Psychological needs satisfaction and value in students’ intentions to study music in high school. Psychology of Music, 46(6), 881–895. doi: 10.1177/0305735617731613

Lalande, D. R., Vallerand, R. J., Lafrenière, M.-A. K., Verner-Filion, J., Laurent, F.-A., Forest, J., & Paquet, Y. (2017). Obsessive passion: A compensatory response to unsatisfied needs. Journal of Personality, 85(2), 163-178. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12229

Evans, P., & Bonneville-Roussy, A. (2016). Self-determined motivation for practice in university music students. Psychology of Music, 44(5), 1095–1110. doi: 10.1177/0305735615610926

León, J., Núñez, J. L., Alfonso-Ruiz, Z., & Bordón, B. (2015). Music academic performance: Effect of intrinsic motivation and critical thinking. Journal of Psychodidactics, 20(2), 377-391. doi: 10.1387/RevPsicodidact.12673

Evans, P. (2015). Self-determination theory: An approach to motivation in music education. Music Scientiae, 19(1), 65-83. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864914568044

Digelidis, N., Karageorghis, C., Papapavlou, A., & Papaioannou, A. (2014). Effects of asynchronous music on students' lesson satisfaction and motivation at the situational level. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 33, 326-341. doi: 10.1123/jtpe.2013-0120

Evans, P., McPherson, G. E., & Davidson, J. W. (2013). The role of psychological needs in ceasing music and music learning activities. Psychology of Music, 41(5), 600–619. doi: 10.1177/0305735612441736

Powers, T., Koestner, R., Zuroff, D., Lacaille, N., & Kwan, L. (2009). Self-criticism, motivation, and goal progress of athletes and musicians: A prospective study. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 279-283.

Lacaille, N., Gaudreau, P., & Koestner, R. (2007). On the value of intrinsic rather than traditional achievement goals for performing artists: A short-term prospective study. International Journal of Music Education, 25, 243-254.

Sport, Exercise, and Physical Education

Elderly

Bradshaw, E. L., Anderson, J. R., Banday, M. A. J., Basarkod, G., Daliri-Ngametua, R., Ferber, K., Henry, D., & Ryan, R. M. (2023). A quantitative meta-analysis and qualitative meta-synthesis of aged care residents’ experiences of autonomy, being controlled, and optimal functioning. The Gerontologist, Advance online publication doi: 10.1093/geront/gnad135

Barry, R. A., Longstreth, M. E., Benson, K., Cannon, C. J., Gomez Batista, S., Slosser Woth, A., Bell, J. H., & McKibbin, C. L. (2021). Testing a self-determination theory perspective of informal caregiving: A preliminary study. Psychology and Aging, Advance Online doi: 10.1037/pag0000648

Kritz, M., Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., Mullan, B., Stathi, A., & Ntoumanis, N. (2021). How can older peer leaders best support motivation for walking in physically inactive older adults? A self-determination theory perspective. Psychology & Health, Advance Online doi: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1994968

Tang, M., Wang, D., & Guerrien, A. (2020). A systematic review and meta-analysis on basic psychological need satisfaction, motivation, and well-being in later life: Contributions of self-determination theory. PsyCh Journal, 9 (1), 5-33. doi: 10.1002/pchj.293

Ho, G., & Ng, B. (2020). The Importance of the Environment in Community Integration for Supporting and Sustaining Healthy Aging: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective. In Ng B., Ho G. (eds), Self-Determination Theory and Healthy Aging (pp. 229-245). Singapore: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-6968-5_12

Shah, K. N., Ryan, R. M., Majeed, Z., Yoruk, Y. B., Yang, H., Hilton, T. N., McMahon, J. M., Hall, W. J., Walck, D., & Luque, A. E. (2016). . In , Enhancing physical function in HIV-infected older adults: A randomized controlled clinical trial. (Vol 35(6), pp. 563-573). : . doi: 10.1037/hea0000311

Houlfort, N., Fernet, C., Vallerand, R. J., Laframboise, A., Guay, F., & Koestner, R. (2015). The role of passion for work and need satisfaction in psychological adjustment to retirement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 88, 84-94. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.02.005

Sheldon, K. M., & Kasser, T. (2001). Getting older, Getting better? Personal strivings and psychological maturity across the life span. Developmental Psychology, 37(4), 491-501. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.37.4.491

Kasser, V. M., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). The relation of psychological needs for autonomy and relatedness to health, vitality, well-being and mortality in a nursing home. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 935-954. doi: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb00133.x

Vallerand, R. J., O'Connor, B. P., & Hamel, M. (1995). Motivation in later life: Theory and assessment. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 41, 221-238.

O'Connor, B. P., & Vallerand, R. J. (1994). The relative effects of actual and experienced autonomy on motivation in nursing home residents. Canadian Journal on Aging, 13, 528-538.

Losier, G. F., Bourque, P. E., & Vallerand, R. J. (1993). A motivational model of leisure participation in the elderly. Journal of Psychology, 127, 153-170.

O'Connor, B. P., & Vallerand, R. J. (1990). Religious motivation in the elderly: A French-Canadian replication and an extension. Journal of Social Psychology, 130, 53-59.

Vallerand, R. J., O'Connor, B. P., & Blais, M. R. (1989). Life satisfaction of elderly individuals in regular community housing, in low-cost community housing, and high and low self-determination nursing homes. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 28, 277-283.

Vallerand, R. J., & O'Connor, B. P. (1989). Motivation in the elderly: A theoretical framework and some promising findings. Canadian Psychology, 30, 538-550.

Van der Kaap-Deeder, J., Vermote, B., Waterschoot, J., Soenens, B., Morbee, S., & Vansteenkiste, M. (). The role of ego integrity and despair in older adults’ well-being during the covid-19 crisis: The mediating role of need-based experiences. Research Square, Preprint doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-83538/v1

Information Literacy

Crow, S. R. (2009). Relationships that foster intrinsic motivation for information seeking. School Libraries Worldwide, 15, 91-112.

Arnone, M. P., Reynolds, R., & Marshall, T. (2009). The effect of early adolescents’ psychological needs satisfaction upon their perceived competence in information skills and intrinsic motivation for research. School Libraries Worldwide, 15, 115-134.

Music

Evans, P., & Ryan, R. M. (2022). . In G. McPherson, Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for music performance (Vol 1, pp. 576-603). : Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190056285.013.24

Kingsford-Smith, A., & Evans, P. (2021). A longitudinal study of psychological needs satisfaction, value, achievement, and elective music intentions. Psychology of Music, 49(3), 382–398. doi: 10.1177/0305735619868285

Miksza, P., Evans, P., & McPherson, G. E. (2021). Motivation to pursue a career in music: The role of social constraints in university music programs. Psychology of Music, 49(1), 50–68. doi: 10.1177/0305735619836269

Miksza, P., Evans, P., & McPherson, G. E. (2021). Wellness among university-level music students: A study of the predictors of subjective vitality. Musicae Scientiae, 25(2), 143–160. doi: 10.1177/1029864919860554

Blackwell, J., Miksza, P., Evans, P., & McPherson, G. E. (2020). Student vitality, teacher engagement, and rapport in studio music instruction. Frontiers in Psychology doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01007

Krause, A. E., North, A. C., & Davidson, J. W. (2019). Using self-determination theory to examine musical participation and well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 405. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00405

Freer, E., & Evans, P. (2019). Choosing to study music in high school: Teacher support, psychological needs satisfaction, and elective music intentions. Psychology of Music, 47(6), 781–799. doi: 10.1177/0305735619864634

Evans, P., & Liu, M. Y. (2019). Psychological Needs and Motivational Outcomes in a High School Orchestra Program. Journal of Research in Music Education, 67(1), 83-105. doi: 10.1177/0022429418812769

Comeau, G., Huta, V., Lu, Y., & Swirp, M. (2019). The Motivation for Learning Music (MLM) questionnaire: Assessing children’s and adolescents’ autonomous motivation for learning a musical instrument. Motivation and Emotion, 43, 705–718. doi: 10.1007/s11031-019-09769-7

Freer, E., & Evans, P. (2018). Psychological needs satisfaction and value in students’ intentions to study music in high school. Psychology of Music, 46(6), 881–895. doi: 10.1177/0305735617731613

Lalande, D. R., Vallerand, R. J., Lafrenière, M.-A. K., Verner-Filion, J., Laurent, F.-A., Forest, J., & Paquet, Y. (2017). Obsessive passion: A compensatory response to unsatisfied needs. Journal of Personality, 85(2), 163-178. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12229

Evans, P., & Bonneville-Roussy, A. (2016). Self-determined motivation for practice in university music students. Psychology of Music, 44(5), 1095–1110. doi: 10.1177/0305735615610926

León, J., Núñez, J. L., Alfonso-Ruiz, Z., & Bordón, B. (2015). Music academic performance: Effect of intrinsic motivation and critical thinking. Journal of Psychodidactics, 20(2), 377-391. doi: 10.1387/RevPsicodidact.12673

Evans, P. (2015). Self-determination theory: An approach to motivation in music education. Music Scientiae, 19(1), 65-83. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1029864914568044

Digelidis, N., Karageorghis, C., Papapavlou, A., & Papaioannou, A. (2014). Effects of asynchronous music on students' lesson satisfaction and motivation at the situational level. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 33, 326-341. doi: 10.1123/jtpe.2013-0120

Evans, P., McPherson, G. E., & Davidson, J. W. (2013). The role of psychological needs in ceasing music and music learning activities. Psychology of Music, 41(5), 600–619. doi: 10.1177/0305735612441736

Powers, T., Koestner, R., Zuroff, D., Lacaille, N., & Kwan, L. (2009). Self-criticism, motivation, and goal progress of athletes and musicians: A prospective study. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 279-283.

Lacaille, N., Gaudreau, P., & Koestner, R. (2007). On the value of intrinsic rather than traditional achievement goals for performing artists: A short-term prospective study. International Journal of Music Education, 25, 243-254.

Chapters, Overviews, and Commentaries

Strachan, Shaelyn M., Fortier, M. S., Perras, Melanie G. M., & Lugg, Carrie (2013). Understanding variations in exercise-dentity strength through identity theory and self-determination theory. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11, 273-285. doi: 10.1080/1612197X.2013.749005

Guerin, Eva, Fortier, M. S., & Sweet, Shane N. (2013). An experience sampling study of physical activity and positive affect: investigating the role of situational motivation and perceived intensity across time. Health Psychology Research, 1, 100-110. doi: 10.4081/hpr.2013.e21

Sweet, Shane N., Fortier, M. S., Strachan, Shaelyn M., & Blanchard, Chris M. (2012). Testing and integrating self-determination theory and self-efficacy theory in a physical activity context. Canadian Psychololgy, 53, 319-327. doi: 10.1037/a0030280

Guerin, Eva, Bales, Elena, Sweet, Shane N., & Fortier, M. S. (2012). A meta-analysis of the influence of gender on self-determination theory's motivational regulations for physical activity. Canadian Psychology, 53, 291-300. doi: 10.1037/a0030215

Fortier, M. S., Duda, J. L., Guerin, E., & Teixeira, P. J. (2012). . In , Promoting physical activity: Development and testing of self-determination theory-based interventions (Vol 9, pp. 1-14). : .

Fortier, M. S., Wiseman, Elizabeth, Sweet, Shane N., O'Sullivan, Tracey L., Blanchard, Chris M., Sigal, Ronald J., & Hogg, William (2011). A moderated mediation of motivation on physical activity in the context of the physical activity counseling randomized control trial. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12, 71-78. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.08.001

Pearson, E. S. (2011). The ‘how-to’ of health behaviour change brought to life: A theoretical analysis of the Co-Active coaching model and its underpinnings in self-determination theory. Coaching: An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice, 4, 89-103.

Bartholomew, K., Ntoumanis, N., & Thogersen-Ntoumani, C. (2011). Self-determination theory and the darker side of athletic experience: The role of interpersonal control and need thwarting. Sport and Exercise Psychology, 7, 23-27.

Edmunds, J., Ntoumanis, N., & Duda, J. L. (2010). Psychological needs and the prediction of exercise-related cognitions and affect among an ethnically diverse cohort of adult women.. International Journal of Sport and Exercise, 8, 446-463.

Lightheart, V. L., Wilson, P. M., & Oster, K. (2010). Strength versus balance: The contributions of two different models of psychological need satisfaction to well-being in adapted sport athletes. In I. E. Wells (Ed.), Psychological well-being (pp. 157-170). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science.

Vlachopoulos, S., Ntoumanis, N., & Smith, A. L. (2010). Psychological needs in exercise scale: Translation and evidence for cross-cultural validity. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 8, 394-412.

Wilson, P. M., Mack, D. E., Garcia Bengoechea, E., Bin, X., Cheung, S., & Sylvester, B. D. (2010). Understanding sport friendships in adapted sport athletes: Does fulfilling basic psychological needs matter?. In B. D. Geranto (Ed.), Sport psychology (pp. 113-130). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science.

Bartholomew, K., Ntoumanis, N., & Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C. (2010). The controlling interpersonal style in a coaching context: Development and initial validation of a psychometric scale. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 32(2), 193-216. doi: 10.1123/jsep.32.2.193

Dimmock, J., & Banting, L. K. (2009). The influence of implicit cognitive processes on physical activity: How the theory of planned behaviour and self-determination theory can provide a platform for our understanding. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2, 3-22.

Edmunds, J., Ntoumanis, N., & Duda, J. L. (2009). Helping your clients and patients take ownership over their exercise: Fostering exercise adoption, adherence and associated well-being. ACSMs Health and Fitness Journal, 13, 20-25.

Chatzisarantis, N. L., & Hagger, M. S. (2009). . In , Effects of an intervention based on self-determination theory on self-reported leisure-time physical activity participation (Vol 24, pp. 29-48). : .

Wilson, P. M., Gregson, J. P., & Mack, D. E. (2009). The importance of interpersonal style in competitive sport: A self-determination theory approach. In C. H. Chang (Ed.), Handbook of sport psychology (pp. 259-276). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science.

Ntoumanis, N., & Standage, M. (2009). Motivation in physical education classes: A self-determination theory perspective. Theory and Research in Education, 7, 194-202.

Bartholomew, K., Ntoumanis, N., & Thogersen-Ntoumani, C. (2009). A review of controlling motivational strategies from a self-determination theory perspective: Implications for sports coaches. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2, 215-233.

Duda, J. L., & Treasure, D. (2009). Motivational processes and the facilitation of quality engagement in sport. In J. M. Williams (Ed.), Applied sport psychologyMountain View, CA: Mayfield.

Wilson, P. M., Mack, D. E., & Grattan, K. P. (2008). Understanding motivation for exercise: A self-determination theory perspective. Canadian Psychology, 49, 250-256.

Silva, M. N., Teixeira, P. J., Markland, D. A., Minderico, C. S., Vieira, P. N., Castro, M. M., Coutinho, S.S., Santos, T. C., Matos. M.G., & Sardinha, L. B. (2008). . In , A randomized controlled trial to evaluate self-determination theory for exercise adherence and weight control: Rationale and intervention description (Vol 8, pp. 234-247). : .

, Treasure, D. C., & Wang, C. K. J. (2008). Motivational characteristics. In A. L. Smith & S. J. H. Biddle (Eds.), Youth physical activity and sedentary behavior: Challenges and solutions (pp. 193-213). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Wang, C.K.J., & (2007). Understanding young people’s motivation toward exercise: An integration of sport ability beliefs, achievement goal theory, and self-determination theory. In M.S. Hagger & N.L.D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 193-208). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics..

Duda, J. L., & Balaguer, I. (2007). The coach-created motivational climate. In S. Jowett & D. Lavalee (Eds.), Social Psychology of Sport (pp. 117-130). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Hagger, M. S., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. (2007). Advances in self-determination theory research in sport and exercise (editorial). Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 8, 597-599.

Hagger, M. S., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. (2007). The trans-contextual model of motivation. In M. S. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 53-70). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Conroy, D. E., & Coatsworth, J. D. (2007). Competence motivation in sport and exercise: The hierarchical model of achievement motivation and self-determination theory. In M. S. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 181-192). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Edmunds, J., Ntoumanis, N., & Duda, J. L. (2007). Perceived autonomy support and psychological need satisfaction as key psychological constructs in the exercise domain. In M. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 35-51). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Ntoumanis, N., Vazou, S., Spiridoula,, & Duda, J. L. (2007). Peer-created motivational climate. In S. Jowette & D. Lavallee (Eds.), Social psychology in sport (pp. 145-156). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Vansteenkiste, M., Soenens, B., & Lens, W. (2007). Intrinsic versus extrinsic goal promotion in sport and exercise: Understanding their differential impact on performance and persistence. In M. S. Hagger and N. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Self-Determination Theory in exercise and sport (pp. 167-180). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

, Hagger, M. S., Chatzisarantis, N. L., & Lippke, S. (2007). Theoretical frameworks in exercise psychology. In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (pp. 537-559). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.

Sarrazin, P., Boiché, J., & Pelletier, L. G. (2007). A self-determination theory approach to dropout in athletes. In M. S. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 229-242). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Pelletier, L. G., & Sarrazin, P. (2007). Measurement issues in self-determination theory and sport. In M. S. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (pp. 143-152). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Treasure, D. C., Lemyre, N., Kuczka, K. K., & Standage, M. (2007). Motivation in elite sport: A self-determination perspective. In M. S. Hagger &, N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Self-determination theory in exercise and sport (pp. 153-165). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Loney, T., & Standage, M. (2007). A motivational and evolutionary perspective of the self in exercise and health. In J. A. Munoz-Yunta (Ed.), Advances in psychology research (Vol 50, pp. 100-150). New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers.

Standage, M., Gillison, F, & Treasure, D.C.  (2007). Self-determination and motivation in physical education. In M. S. Hagger & N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Self-determination theory in exercise and sport (pp. 71-85). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Markland, D. A., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2007). A self-determination theory approach to understanding motivational interviewing and promoting regular physical activity. In M. S. Hagger and N. Chatzisarantis (Eds.), Self-Determination Theory in exercise and sport (pp. 87-100). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Jones, R., & Standage, M. (2006). Leadership in the coaching process: Whose decisions really matter?. In R. Jones (Ed.), Re-conceptualising the coaching role and how to teach it: New ways of thinking about practice (pp. 65-76). Hove, England: Routledge.

Standage, M., & Duda, J. L. (2004). Motivational processes among older adults in sport and exercise settings. In M.R. Weiss (Ed.), Developmental sport and exercise psychology: A lifespan perspective (pp. 357-381). Morgantown, WV: Fit Press.

Frederick, C., & Morris, T. (2004). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in sport and exercise. In T. Morris & J. Summers (Eds.), Sport psychology: Theory, applications and issues, 2nd ed. (pp. 121-151). Milton, Australia: John Wiley & Sons Australia.

Frederick, C. (2002). Self-determination theory and participation motivation research in the sport and exercise domain. In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 277-294). Rochester, NY: University Of Rochester Press.

Vallerand, R. J., & Losier, G. F. (1999). An integrative analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in sport. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 11, 142-169.

Frederick, C., & Ryan, R. M. (1995). Self-determination in sport: A review using cognitive evaluation theory. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 26, 5-23.